Quiz Questions 18 January 2023 (Key)

Q1. Which of the following are the methods of In-situ conservation of biodiversity:

1)Wildlife Sanctuary

2)Sacred Groves

3)Gene banks

Select the correct answer code:

1, 2

1 only

2, 3

1, 2, 3

Solution:
(A)

In-situ conservation, the conservation of species in their natural habitats.

It includes National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves and sacred groves (Khasi and Jaintia hills in Meghalaya).

Ex-situ conservation is the preservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats.

It includes Gene banks, Captive breeding of animals and artificial propagation of plants, zoos, aquaria, and botanic gardens.

Q2. Seaweeds are macroscopic algae usually found in oceans. In this context, which of the following can be the possible benefits of it:

1)It reduces coastal eutrophication.

2)It is a vital food for marine organism.

3)It can be used as fertilizer for plants.

Select the correct answer code:

1, 2, 3

3 only

2, 3

1, 3

Solution:
(A)

All the above are the benefits of sea weeds.

Seaweed, or macroalgae, refers to several species of macroscopic, multicellular, marine algae.

Seaweed species such as kelps provide essential nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species and thus protect food sources; other species, such as planktonic algae, play a vital role in capturing carbon, producing up to 90% of Earth’s oxygen.

Q3. Which of the following statements best describes biotic potential:

It refers to the potential biomass of a population measured as dry weight per unit area.

It refers to the possible functional roles a species can play in an ecosystem.

It refers to the maximum reproductive capacity of an organism under optimum environmental conditions.

It refers to the minimum population of a species required to sustain a food web.

Solution:
(C)

Biotic potential, the maximum reproductive capacity of an organism under optimum environmental conditions.

Q4. What do you understand by the term ‘Social Forestry’:

1)Reducing the pressure on the traditional forest area by encouraging plantations on community land

2)Promoting commercial harvesting of timber and non-timber products from traditional forests by community to meet local demands

Which of the above is/are correct:

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Solution:
(A)

The National Commission on Agriculture, Government of India, first used the term ‘social forestry’ in 1976.

It aims at raising plantations by the common man so as to meet the growing demand for food, fuel wood, fodder, fiber and fertilizer (5 F’s) etc, thereby reducing the pressure on the traditional forest area.

It does not aim at the displacement or exploitation of traditional forests, but supplementing them with community grown forests.

Q5. When ocean temperatures get too hot, corals often experience ‘bleaching’ events. What does this mean:

Plants and animals living in the vicinity of corals die.

Corals move towards cooler waters

The symbiotic nature of the relationship between a certain plant and animal breaks down
Corals submerge themselves completely under water, starving themselves of sunlight and air to breathe

Solution:
(C)

Often mistaken for a form of vegetation, corals “are in fact an animal that lives in symbiosis with an algae, a plant,”

Corals and algae “provide services for each other,” with the algae providing “up to 90% of the coral animal’s food” through photosynthesis

“When ocean temperatures get too hot, this symbiosis, this relationship, breaks down”.

“The algae is lost from the coral and causes the coral to look white,” effectively “starving” it.

When a coral bleaches, it is not dead.

Corals can survive a bleaching event, but they are under more stress and are subject to mortality.

Q6. In which of the following trophic levels, you are likely to find the highest concentration of an organic toxin that has been found in ocean water:

Phytoplankton

Aquatic plants

Small fishes at lower trophic levels

Human being who consumes sea food

Solution:
(D)

Most of the organic toxins are water insoluble and non-biodegradable.

These high persistent toxins are, therefore, transferred from lower trophic level to higher trophic level through food chain.

Over time, the concentration of toxins in higher animals reaches a level which causes serious metabolic and physiological disorders.

Q7. Olive Ridleys Turtles are naturally found in India in:

1)Andhra Pradesh coast

2)Odisha coast

3)Maharashtra coast

Select the correct answer using the codes below:

1 only

2 only

1, 2

1, 2, 3

Solution:
(D)

Olive Ridley turtle is the smallest and most abundant of all sea turtle found in the world.

It is found in warm waters of the Pacific and Indian oceans.

It commences its journey from Indian Ocean towards Bay of Bengal during their mating season in October and November every year.

The Gahirmatha Beach in Kendrapara district of Odisha (India), which is now a part of the Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary, is the largest breeding ground for these turtles.

Green turtles and olive ridleys are known to nest in Maharashtra in small numbers.

Goa has records of three species of sea turtles: olive ridley, leatherback and green turtles.

Recently many of these turtles were found dead near the Andhra Pradesh coast.

Q8. Which of the following is/are the characteristics that the pollutant should possess in order for bio magnification to occur:

1)A pollutant should be biologically active.

2)A pollutant should be long lived.

3)A pollutant should be soluble in fats.

Select the correct answer code:

1, 2

2, 3

1, 3

1, 2, 3

Solution:
(D)

Bio magnification stands for Biological Magnification, which means the increase of contaminated substances or toxic chemicals that take place in the food chains.

These substances often arise from intoxicated or contaminated environments.

The contaminants include heavy metals namely mercury, arsenic, pesticides such as DDT, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) compounds which are then taken up by organisms because of the food they consume or the intoxication of their environment.

Pollutant needs to satisfy characteristics like long life, biologically active, soluble in fat etc. to make bio magnification possible.

Q9. Which of the following adds/add nitrogen to the soil:

1)Burning of coal by man

2)Death of vegetation

3)Excretion of urea by animals

Select the correct answer code:

3 only

1, 3

2, 3

1, 2, 3

Solution:
(C)

Burning of coal by man is the main source of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

It has nothing to do with adding nitrogen to the soil.

Nitrogenous waste products of living organisms such as urea and dead remain of organisms are converted back into inorganic ammonia by the bacteria.

Q10. Which of the following area has emerged as single largest habitat of Irrawaddy dolphins in the world:

Chilika Lake

Kolleru Lake

Bhitarkanika national park

Pulicat Lake

Solution:
(A)

The Chilika Lake in Odisha has emerged as the “single largest habitat of Irrawaddy dolphins in the world” with the spotting of about 155 such animals. Chilika is Asia’s largest brackish-water lagoon with an estuarine character, and one of India’s first Ramsar Convention sites.

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