• About PVTGs:

• In 1973, the Dhebar Commission created Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) as a separate category, who are less developed among the tribal groups.
• In 1975, the Government of India initiated to identify the most vulnerable tribal groups as a separate category called PVTGs and declared 52 such groups.
• While in 1993, an additional 23 groups were added to the category, making it a total of 75 PVTGs.
• These 75 PVTGs are spread over 18 states and one Union Territory (A&N Islands)
• Among the 75 listed PVTG’s the highest number are found in Odisha (13), followed by Andhra Pradesh (12).
• In 2006, the Government of India renamed the PTGs as PVTGs.

• About PVTGs:

• The Ministry of Tribal Affairs implements the Scheme of “Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)” exclusively for them.

• The criteria followed for determination of PVTGs are as under:
• A pre-agriculture level of technology.
• A stagnant or declining population.
• Extremely low literacy.
• A subsistence level of economy.

• About Soyabean:

• Brazil is the largest exporter of Soyabean globally.
• Whereas, China is the largest importer of Soyabean globally

• Amargarh Fort is located in Jaipur, Rajasthan

• About Anticipatory Bail:

• The concept of Anticipatory Bail was introduced in 1973 when Section 338 was introduced into the CrPC.
• As opposed to ordinary bail, which is granted to a person who is under arrest, in anticipatory bail, a person is directed to be released on bail even before arrest is made.
• The anticipatory bail can be granted only by the High Court and Sessions Court and not the District Court.
• The Supreme Court (SC) in Sushila Aggarwal v. State of NCT of Delhi (2020) case delivered a significant verdict, ruling that no time limit can be set while granting anticipatory Bail and it can continue even until the end of the trial.

• About Missile Control Technology Regime:

• It is an informal and voluntary partnership among 35 countries.
• It is applicable on missiles carring payload greater than 500 kg and for distance greater than 300 km.
• The regime was formed in 1987 by the G-7 industrialized countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK, and the United States).
• It is not a legally binding treaty on the members.
• India is a member of MCTR.
• China is not a member of MCTR.

• About Governor of a state:

• The Governor of a state has no fixed term à Enjoys office on the discretion of the President/Central Government à Can be removed anytime.
• A person has to be a citizen of India and atleast of 35 years of age to become a Governor.
• Sarkaria Commission à A person appointed as a Governor should be an eminent personality, preferably not from within the local politics of the state.
• One person can be appointed as the Governor/Lieutenant Governor of 2 or more states/Uts simultaneously.
• On President’s discretion, the Chief Justice of the High Court of the concerned state can also be appointed as the Governor on a temporary basis when and how the President thinks fit.

• About Public Interest Litigation:

• The expression ‘Public Interest Litigation’ has been borrowed from American jurisprudence.
• Public interest litigation is not defined in any statute or in any act à But, it has been interpreted by judges to consider the intent of public at large.
• It means litigation filed in a court of law, for the protection of “Public Interest”, such as Pollution, Terrorism, Road safety, Constructional hazards etc.
• Any matter where the interest of public at large is affected can be redressed by filing a Public Interest Litigation in a court of law.
• The first reported case of PIL was Hussainara Khatoon vs. State of Bihar (1979)
• A new era of the PIL movement was heralded by Justice P.N. Bhagawati in the case of S.P. Gupta vs. Union of India.

• About Indian Ocean Commission:

• It is an inter-governmental organization that handles maritime governance in western Indian Ocean.
• It was institutionalized in 1984 by the Victoria Agreement in Seychelles.
• It is composed of five African Indian Ocean nations à Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion (an overseas region of France), and Seychelles.
• The Commission has five observers à China, India, EU, Malta and International Organisation of La Francophonie (OIF).

• About Draft Drone Rules, 2021 :

• Interactive Airspace Map will be created dividing the country into green, yellow, and red zones.
• The draft rules reduced the airport perimeter from 45 km to 12 km.
• No flight permissions would be required to fly upto 400 feet in green zones and upto 200 feet in the area between 8 and 12 km from the airport perimeter.
• No pilot licence would be needed for micro drones for non-commercial use, nano drones and for R&D organisations.
• There would be no restriction on drone operations by foreign-owned companies registered in India.
• The coverage has been increased from 300 kg to 500 kg and will cover drone taxis

• About Quantum Dots:

• They are semi-conductor particles.
• Usually, they are of a size of a few nano-meters.
• They have optical and electronic properties.
• They have application in fields like single-electron transistors, solar cells, LEDs, lasers, single-photon sources, second-harmonic generation, quantum

computing, cell biology research and medical imaging.