#1. Which of the following lakes is not designated as Ramsar wetland sites in India?
Pulicat lake is not designated as Ramsar wetland.
#2. Which of the following is/are the characteristics that the pollutant should possess in order for bio magnification to occur? 1.A pollutant should be biologically active. 2.A pollutant should be long lived. 3.A pollutant should be soluble in fats.
Bio magnification stands for Biological Magnification, which means the increase of contaminated substances or toxic chemicals that take place in the food chains.
These substances often arise from intoxicated or contaminated environments.
The contaminants include heavy metals namely mercury, arsenic, pesticides such as DDT, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) compounds which are then taken up by organisms because of the food they consume or the intoxication of their environment.
Pollutant needs to satisfy characteristics like long life, biologically active, soluble in fat etc. to make bio magnification possible.
#3. Which of the following adds/add nitrogen to the soil? 1.Burning of coal by man 2.Death of vegetation 3.Excretion of urea by animals
Burning of coal by man is the main source of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
It has nothing to do with adding nitrogen to the soil.
Nitrogenous waste products of living organisms such as urea and dead remain of organisms are converted back into inorganic ammonia by the bacteria.
#4. Consider the following statements regarding Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): 1.It conducts its own research for assessing climate change. 2.It is a joint initiative of World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Created in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the objective of the IPCC is to provide governments at all levels with scientific information that they can use to develop climate policies.
IPCC reports are also a key input into international climate change negotiations.
The IPCC is an organization of governments that are members of the United Nations or WMO.
The IPCC currently has 195 members.
Thousands of people from all over the world contribute to the work of the IPCC.
The IPCC does not conduct its own research.
#5. Consider the following statements regarding Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act: 1.Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the nodal agency for the implementation of the act. 2.It recognizes rights of the tribal on the forests if they have resided for at least three generations or 75 years before the cut-off date of December 13, 2005. 3.National parks and wildlife sanctuaries are excluded for the recognition of rights under the act.
Ministry of tribal affairs is the nodal agency for the implementation of the act.
National parks and wildlife sanctuaries are included for the recognition of rights under the act.
According to FRA, “forest land” means land of any description falling within any forest area and includes unclassified forests, un demarcated forests, existing or deemed forests, protected forests, reserved forests, Sanctuaries and National Parks;
#6. . Consider the following statements: 1.As per Ramanuja, God is Sagunabrahman. 2.As per Madhava, the world is not an illusion but a reality.
In the twelfth century, Ramanuja preached Visishtadvaita.
According to him God is Sagunabrahman.
The creative process and all the objects in creation are real but not illusory as was held by Sankaracharya.
Therefore, God, soul, matter are real. But God is inner substance and the rest are his attributes.
He also advocated prabattimarga or path of self-surrender to God.
He invited the downtrodden to Vaishnavism.
In the thirteenth century, Madhava from Kannada region propagated Dvaita or dualism of Jivatma and Paramatma.
According to his philosophy, the world is not an illusion but a reality. God, soul, matter are unique in nature.
#7. Consider the following statements regarding Mauryan Empire: 1.Slavery was largely absent in Mauryan Empire. 2.Mauryan government had equal control over all the regions of its empire.
Slaves were employed in commercial activities.
Mauryan government didn’t have equal control over all the regions of its empire, few regions were directly controlled under the Mauryan administration, while others were under the local kings, who accepted the over lordship of Mauryans.
#8. Consider the following statements: 1.Most of Ashoka’s inscriptions were in Pali language written in the Brahmi script. 2.Arikamedu is a coastal settlement known for it being a site for unloading goods from distant lands.
The most famous Mauryan ruler was Ashoka.
He was the first ruler who tried to take his message to the people through inscriptions.
Most of Ashoka’s inscriptions were in Prakrit and were written in the Brahmi script.
Between 2200 and 1900 years ago, Arikamedu was a coastal settlement where ships unloaded goods from distant lands.
A massive brick structure, which may have been a warehouse, was found at the site.
#9. Consider the following statements regarding Prayaga Prashasti: 1.It was composed in Sanskrit by Nagasena. 2.It describes the circumstances of Samudragupta’s accession, his military campaigns in north India and the Deccan.
The Prayaga Prashasti (also known as the Allahabad Pillar Inscription) composed in Sanskrit by Harisena, the court poet of Samudragupta, arguably the most powerful of the Gupta rulers (c. fourth century CE), is a case in point.
The most important source for the reign of Samudragupta is the Allahabad Pillar inscription.
It describes his personality and achievements.
This inscription is engraved on an Asokan pillar.
It is written in classical Sanskrit, using the Nagari script.
It consists of 33 lines composed by Harisena.
It describes the circumstances of Samudragupta’s accession, his military campaigns in north India and the Deccan, his relationship with other contemporary rulers, and his accomplishments as a poet and scholar.
#10. Consider the following statements: 1.The first gold coins were issued by the Indo-Greeks. 2.The first coins to bear the names and images of rulers were issued by Guptas.
The first coins to bear the names and images of rulers were issued by the Indo-Greeks, who established control over the north-western part of the subcontinent in second century BCE.
The kushanas, however, issued the largest hoards of gold coins first gold coins in first century CE.
These were virtually identical in weight with those issued by contemporary Roman emperors and the Parthian rulers of Iran, and have been found from several sites in north India and Central Asia
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