Quiz Questions 27 December 2022

The Polygar Wars or Palaiyakkarar Wars were fought between the Polygars of the former Tirunelveli Kingdom in Tamil Nadu and the British East India Company forces between 1799 to 1805 over pending taxes, oppressive land revenue system etc. The British finally won after carrying out gruelling protracted jungle campaigns against the Polygar armies and finally defeated them. The British victory over the Polygars brought large parts of the territories of Tamil Nadu under British control, enabling them to get a strong hold in Southern India.

A sequence of organisms that feed on one another, forma food chain.

In nature, two main types of food chains have been found: Grazing food chain and Detritus food chain.

The grazing food chain starts with producers or autotrophs as base, which is consumed by heterotrophs.

It is found in both Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

The Detritus food chain starts from dead organic ‘matter of decaying animals and plant bodies to the microorganisms and then to detritus feeding organism called detrivores or decomposer and to other predators.

The two food chains are linked as the initial energy source for detritus food chain is the waste materials and dead organic matter from the grazing food chain.

Pattachitra style of painting is one of the oldest and most popular art forms of Odisha.

The name Pattachitra has evolved from the Sanskrit words patta, meaning canvas, and chitra, meaning picture.

Pattachitra is thus a painting done on canvas, and is manifested by rich colourful application, creative motifs and designs, and portrayal of simple themes, mostly mythological in depiction.

Some of the popular themes represented through this art form are Thia Badhia – depiction of the temple of Jagannath; Krishna Lila – enactment of Jagannath as Lord Krishna displaying his powers as a child; Dasabatara Patti – the ten incarnations of Lord Vishnu; Panchamukhi – depiction of Lord Ganesh as a five-headed deity.

With the passage of time, the art of Pattachitra has gone through a commendable transition, and the chitrakars have painted on tussar silk and palm leaves, and even created wall hangings and showpieces.

Biogas comprises primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have small amounts of Nitrogen, Hydrogen, hydrogen sulphide and oxygen.

Dadabhai Naoroji in his famous book Poverty and Un-British Rule in India wrote his Drain Theory.

He showed how India’s wealth was going away to England in the form of salaries, savings, pensions, payments to British troops in India and profits of the British companies.

The British Government was forced to appoint the Welby Commission, with Dadabhai as the first Indian as its member, to enquire into the Matter.

The Welby Commission’s report, published in 1900, showed a number of cases where excessive or unjust payments had been made by the Indian government.

East India Association was an organization established by some Indian students in London on 1 October 1866 on initiative of Dadabhai Naoroji.

It was one of the predecessor organizations of the Indian National Congress.

On October 1, 1866, the London Indian Society was superseded by East India Association.

 

The several objectives and activities of East India Association were as follows:

To advocate for and promote public interests and welfare of Indians.

It worked towards presenting the correct information about India to the British Public and voice Indian grievances in British press.

Service voter is a voter having service qualification.

 

According to the provisions of sub – section (8) of Section 20 of Representation of People Act, 1950, service qualification means:

Being a member of the armed Forces of the Union

Being a member of a force to which provisions of the Army Act, 1950 (46 of 1950), have been made applicable whether with or without modification

Being a member of an Armed Police Force of a State, and serving outside that state

Being a person who is employed under the Government of India, in a post outside India.

The rise and growth of Indian nationalism has been traditionally explained in terms of Indian response to the stimulus generated by the British Raj through creation of new institutions, new opportunities, resources, etc.

In other words, Indian nationalism grew partly as a result of colonial policies and partly as a reaction to colonial policies.

 

In fact, it would be more correct to see Indian nationalism as a product of a mix of various factors:

Worldwide upsurge of the concepts of nationalism and right of self-determination initiated by the French Revolution.

Indian Renaissance.

Offshoot of modernisation initiated by the British in India.

Strong reaction to British imperialist policies in India.

The Climate and Clean Air Coalition is a voluntary partnership of governments, intergovernmental organizations, businesses, scientific institutions and civil society organizations committed to improving air quality and protecting the climate through actions to reduce short-lived climate pollutants.

Global network currently includes over 120 state and non-state partners, and hundreds of local actors carrying out activities across economic sectors.

India is not a partner of it.

It focuses on short lived pollutants like methane, black carbon, HFC’s etc.

Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam is a Sanskrit phrase found in Hindu texts such as the Maha Upanishad, which means “the world is one family”.