#1. Consider the following wetlands: 1. Wular Lake 2. Loktak Lake 3. Deepor Beel
#2. Consider the following statements with respect to Pangong Tso to be INCORRECT: 1. It is the first trans-boundary wetland in South Asia identified as a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention. 2. It is a brackish water, endorheic lake. 3. The Karakoram Mountain range ends at the north bank of Pangong Tso.
The lake is not a Ramsar site yet. The lake is in the process of being identified under the Ramsar Convention as a wetland of international importance. This will be the first trans-boundary wetland in South Asia under the convention. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.The lake’s water, while crystal clear, is brackish, making it undrinkable. It is an endorheic lake spanning eastern Ladakh and West Tibet. Hence, statement 2 is correct.The Karakoram Mountain range, which crosses Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, China and India, with heights of over 6,000 metres including K2, the world’s second-highest peak, ends at the north bank of Pangong Tso. Hence, statement 3 is correct.Hence, option (1 only) is the correct answer.
#3. Pangong Tso Lake, which holds strategic importance for India’s Defence on borders, is located along the boundary of which country?
Recently, Indian and Chinese armies clashed along the Pangong lake in Ladakh
Strategic Importance :
The Line of Actual Control (LAC) between India and China passes through the lake. However, both countries have not yet agreed on the exact location of the LAC.At present, India controls around 45-km long western part of the lake (1/3rd part) and the rest is controlled by China. Most of the clashes between the two armies occur in the disputed portion of the lake.It lies in the path of the Chushul Valley in Ladakh, one of the main approaches that China can use for an offensive into Indian-held territory. During the 1962 war, China launched its main offensive here.
About Pangong Lake :
Pangong Tso is a long narrow, deep, landlocked lake located at a height of over 14,000-feet in the Ladakh Himalaya and around 1300-km west of Sikkim.It is a brackish water lake freezes over in winter, and becomes ideal for ice skating and polo.It is not a part of Indus river basin area.The lake is in the process of being identified under the Ramsar Convention as a wetland of international importance. This will be the first trans-boundary wetland in South Asia under the convention.
#4. Consider the following waterfalls with states where they are located: 1. Duduma Falls : Odisha 2. Nohkalikai Falls : Meghalaya 3. Kunchikal Falls : Karnataka
Nohkalikai Falls is the tallest plunge waterfall in India located in Meghalaya. The waterfall is located near Cherrapunji, one of the wettest places on Earth. Kunchikal Falls is formed by the Varahi River and is located in Karnataka. The Duduma Waterfall is formed by the Machkund River on the boundary between Odisha & Andhra Pradesh.
#5. Identify the wetland of India on the basis of below information: 1.This is one of the Ramsar wetlands in India and is world’s one of the largest lagoons 2.Since it had “undergone, to be undergoing, or to be likely to undergo change in its ecological character brought about by human action”, it was placed in Montreux record of the Ramsar Convention but was later removed from it due to conservation efforts 3.If you visit this wetland, you get a chance to see the rare and endangered ‘Irrawady Dolphin’
All given characteristics are of Chilika lake in Odisha.
#6. Consider the following statements regarding Sambhar Lake. 1. Sambhar Lake is India’s largest inland Salt Lake located in Gujarat. 2. The lake is surrounded by the Aravali hills on all sides. 3. It has been designated as a Ramsar site because it is a key wintering area for tens of thousands of pink flamingos and other birds.
The Sambhar Salt Lake, India’s largest inland Salt Lake, is located in Rajasthan.The lake receives water from five rivers: Medtha, Samaod, Mantha, Rupangarh, Khari, and Khandela.It is surrounded by the Aravali hills on all sides.Sambhar has been designated as a Ramsar site (recognized wetland of international importance) because the wetland is a key wintering area for tens of thousands of pink flamingos and other birds that migrate from northern Asia and Siberia. The specialized algae and bacteria growing in the lake provide striking water colours and support the lake ecology that, in turn, sustains the migrating waterfowl.Hence option (2 & 3 only) is the correct answer.
#7. Consider the following pairs: 1. Pong Dam Lake : Himachal Pradesh 2. Harike Wetland : Punjab 3. Rudrasagar Lake : Tripura
Pong Dam Lake is a water storage reservoir created in 1975 on the Beas River in the low foothills of the Himalaya on the northern edge of the Indo-Gangetic plain. It is located in Himachal Pradesh. Harike wetland is a shallow water reservoir with thirteen islands, at the confluence of two rivers. It is located in Punjab. Dense floating vegetation covers 70% of the lake. Rudrasagar lake is located in Tripura.
#8. Consider the following statements with respect to Chilika Lake: 1. The endangered Gangetic Dolphins are found in the lake. 2. It is the largest coastal lagoon in India. 3. The lake is located at the mouth of the Daya River.
Chilika Lake is Asia’s largest brackish water lagoon.It is the largest coastal lagoon in India and the largest brackish water lagoon in the world after the New Caledonian barrier reef.The lake is located at the mouth of the Daya River.It is a designated Ramsar Site under Ramsar Convention.The endangered Irrawaddy Dolphins are found in the lake. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.Hence, option (2 and 3 only) is the correct answer.
#9. Consider the following statements regarding Pangong Tso Lake. 1. Pangong Tso Lake is an endorheic lake in the Himalayas. 2. It is part of the Indus river basin area. 3. It is under the Ramsar Convention as a wetland of international importance.
Pangong Tso Lake is an endorheic lake in the Himalayas situated at a height of about 4,250 m. It is 134 km (83 mi) long and extends from India to the Tibetan Autonomous Region, China. Approximately 50% of the length of the lake lies within the Tibetan Autonomous Region. Hence, statement 1 is correct. During winter the lake freezes completely, despite being saline water. It has a land-locked basin separated from the Indus River basin by a small elevated ridge, but is believed to have been part of the latter in prehistoric times.Hence, statement 2 is not correct.The lake is in the process of being identified under the Ramsar Convention as a wetland of international importance. This will be the first trans-boundary wetland in South Asia under the convention. Hence, statement 3 is not correct.
#10. Waterfalls and rapids landforms are formed in which of the stage?
Waterfalls and rapids may exist in youth stage where local hard rock bodies are exposed but disappear in mature stage.
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